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Asked: 2025-05-01T10:43:05+08:00 In:

Who were the Literati during Confucius' time?

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During Confucius’ time (551–479 BCE), the Literati (referred to as Ru or Shi ) were a class of intellectuals and scholars who emerged from the declining aristocratic hierarchy of the Zhou dynasty. Originally, “Ru” denoted officials tasked with rituals, music, and education in ancient China. Confucius transformed this group by emphasizing moral cultivation, ethical governance, and the revival of Zhou-era rites

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      During Confucius’ time, the Literati referred to a group of scholars and intellectuals who were well – versed in ancient cultural knowledge, rituals, music, and other aspects. Some of the notable Literati of that era included:

       

      • Zi Gong: His real name was 端木赐. He was one of Confucius’ prominent disciples. He was not only skilled in rhetoric but also engaged in business, becoming quite wealthy. He played an important role in spreading Confucian teachings.
      • Zi Xia: Named 卜商，he was also a disciple of Confucius. He was particularly interested in literature and education. After Confucius’ death, he established a school in the State of Wei and had a significant influence on the spread of Confucian thought in the Wei – Jin period.

       

      These Literati, influenced by Confucius’ teachings, played a crucial role in promoting cultural inheritance and the development of ideas during that time. They dedicated themselves to the study and dissemination of traditional culture and ethical thoughts, and their efforts had a profound impact on the social and cultural landscape of the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods.